Medical Full Form | Basic Full form use in Medical | Common Full Form in Medicine

Every Medical Students should have this basic knowledge. Read this article atleast 2 to 3 times. To remember things properly.

This post is full of knowledge related to medical system. BAMS(Ayurveda), BHMS(homoeopathy),BUMS(unani),BNMS(naturopathy), and MBBS students can share this post with there medicos to help them. Few prefixes for your ready reference and understanding. 

Prefix – Meaning 

*1. Adeno* – Glandular 

*2. An* – Not 

*3. Anti* – Against 

*4. Aorto* – Aorta 

*5. Artho* – joint 

*6. Bleph* – Eyelid 

*7. Broncho* – Bronchi 

*8. Cardio* – Heart 

*9. Cephal* – Head 

*10. Cerebro* – Brain 

*11. Cervico* – Cervix 

*12. Cholecysto* – Gall Bladder

*13. Coli* – Bowel 

*14. Colpo* – Vagina 

*15. Entero* – Intestine 

*16. Gastro* – Stomach 

*17. Glosso* – Tongue 

*18. Haema* – Blood 

*19. Hepa* – Liver 

*20. Hystero* – Uterus 

*21. Laryngo* – Larynx 

*22. Leuco* – White 

*23. Metro* – Uterus 

*24. Myelo* – Spinal cord 

*25. Myo* – Muscle 

*26. Nephro* – Kidney 

*27. Neuro* – Nerve 

*28. Odonto* – Tooth 

*29. Orchido* – Testis 

*30. Osteo* – Bone 

*31. Oto* – Ear 

*32. Pharyngo* – Pharynx 

*33. Pio* – Pus 

*34. Pneumo* – Lung 

*35. Ren* – Kidney 

*36. Rhin* – Nose 

*37. Spleno* – Spleen 

*38. Thyro* – Thyroid Gland 

*39. Urethro* – Urethra 

*40. Vesico* – Bladder

Suffixes used in Medical terminology

Here are the suffixes used in Medical terminology. Check out!

Suffix – Meaning

*1. -aemia* : Blood

*2. -algia* : Pain

*3. -derm* : skin

*4. -dynia* : pain

*5. -ectomy* : removal

*6. -Itis* : inflammation

*7. -lithiasis* : Presence of Stone

*8. -malacia* : softening

*9. -oma* : tumour

*10. -opia* : eye

*11. -osis* : Condition,excess

*12. -otomy* : incision of

*13. -phobia* : fear

*14. -plasty* : surgery

*15. -plegia* : peralysis

*16. -ptosis* : falling

*17. -rhoea* : excessive discharge

*18. -rhage* : to burst forth

*19. -rhythmia* : rhythm.

*20. -stasis* : stoppage of movement

*21. -sthenia* : weakness

*22. -stomy* : outlet

*23. -tomy* : removal

*24. -trophy* : nourishment

*25. -uria* : urine

Compounded Words – Meaning

*1. Anaemia* – Deficiency of haemoglobin in the blood 

*2. Analgesic* – Medicine which alleviates pain 

*3. Arthralgia* – Pain in a joint 

*4. Cephalalgia* – Headache 

*5. Nephralgia* – Pain in the kidney 

*6. Neuralgia* – Nerve pain 

*7. Myalgia* – Muscle pain 

*8. Otalgia* – Ear ache 

*9. Gastralgia* – Pain in the stomach 

*10. Pyoderma* – Skin infection with pus formation 

*11. Leucoderma* – Defective skin pigmentaion 

*12. Hysterodynia* – Pain in the uterus 

*13. Hysterectomy* – Excision of the uterus 

*14. Nephrectomy* – Excision of a kidney 

*15. Adenectomy* – Excision of a gland 

*16. Cholecystectomy* – Excision of gall bladder 

*17. Thyroidectomy* – Excision of thyroid gland 

*18. Arthritis* – Inflammation of a joint 

*19. Bronchitis* – Inflammation of the bronchi 

*20. Carditis* – Inflammation of the heart 

*21. Cervicitis* – Inflammation of the cervix 

*22. Colitis* – Inflammation of the colon 

*23. Colpitis* – Inflammation of the vagina 

*24. Cystitis* – Inflammation of the urinary bladder 

*25. Enteritis* – Inflammation of the intestines 

*26. Gastritis* – Inflammation of the stomach 

*27. Glossitis* – Inflammation of the tongue 

*28. Hepatitis* – Inflammation of the liver 

*29. Laryngitis* – Inflammation of the larynx 

*30. Metritis* – Inflammation of the uterus 

*31. Myelitis* – Inflammation of the spinal cord 

*32. Nephritis* – Inflammation of the kidney 

*33. Pharyngitis* – Inflammation of the pharynx 

*34. Blepharitis* – Inflammation of the eyelids 

*35. Cholelithiasis* – Stone in the gall bladder 

*36. Nephrolithiasis* – Stone in the kidney

*37. Osteomalacia* – Softening of bones through deficiency of calcium or D vitamin 

*38. Adenoma* -Benign tumour of glandular tissue 

*39. Myoma* – Tumour of muscle 

*40. Diplopia* – Double vision 

*41. Thrombosis* – Formation of a blood clot 

*42. Pyloromyotomy* – Incision of pyloric sphincter muscle

*43. Hedrophobia* – Fear of water(Rabies in humans)

*44. Neuroplasty* – Surgical repair of nerves 

*45. Pyloraplasty* – Incision of plastic pylorus to widen passage 

*46. Hemiplegia* – Paralysis of one side of the body

Common Medical Abbreviations

> *Rx* = Treatment

> *Hx* = History

> *Dx* = Diagnosis

> *q* = Every

> *qd* = Every day

> *qod* = Every other day

> *qh* = Every Hour

> *S* = without

> *SS* = One & half

> *C* = With

> *SOS* = If needed

> *AC* = Before Meals

> *PC* = After meals

> *BID* = Twice a Day

> *TID* = Thrice a Day

> *QID* = Four times a day

> *OD* = Once a Day

> *BT* = Bed Time

> *hs* = Bed Time

> *BBF* = Before Breakfast

> *BD* = Before Dinner

> *Tw* = Twice a week

> *SQ* = sub cutaneous

> *IM* = Intramuscular

> *ID* = Intradermal

> *IV* = Intravenous

> *Q4H* = (every 4 hours)

> *QOD* = (every other day)

> *HS* = (at bedtime)

> *PRN* = (as needed)

> *PO or “per os”* (by mouth)

> *Mg* = (milligrams)

> *Mcg/ug* = (micrograms)

> *G or Gm* = (grams)

> *1TSF* (Teaspoon) = 5 ml

> *1 Tablespoonful* =15ml

~ *DDx* =differential Diagnosis 

*Tx* =Treatment 

*RTx* =Radiotherapy 

*CTx* =Chemotherapy

*R/O* =rule out 

*s.p* =status post

*PMH(x)* =post medical history

*Px* =Prognosis 

*Ix* =Indication 

*CIx* =contraindication 

*Bx* =biopsy

*Cx* =complication…

Knowledge About Blood

1. Which is known as ‘River of Life’?

*Answer: Blood*

2. Blood circulation was discovered by?

*Answer: William Harvey*

3. The total blood volume in an adult?

*Answer: 5-6 Litres*

4. The pH value of Human blood?

*Answer: 7.35-7.45*

5. The normal blood cholesterol level?

*Answer: 150-250 mg/100 ml*

6. The fluid part of blood?

*Answer: Plasma*

7. Plasma protein fibrinogen has an active role in?

*Answer: Clotting of blood*

8. Plasma protein globulins functions as?

*Answer: Antibodies*

9. Plasma proteins maintain the blood pH?

*Answer: Albumins*

10. Biconcave discs shaped blood cell?

*Answer: RBC* (Erythrocytes)

*11. Non nucleated blood cell?*

*Answer: RBC* (Erythrocytes)

12. Respiratory pigments present in RBC?

*Answer: Haemoglobin*

13. Red pigment present in RBC?

*Answer: Haemoglobin*

14. RBC produced in the?

*Answer: Bone marrow*

15. Iron containing pigment of Haemoglobin?

*Answer: Haem*

16. Protein containing pigment of Haemoglobin?

*Answer: Globin*

17. Graveyard of RBC?

*Answer: Spleen*

18. Blood bank in the body?

*Answer: Spleen*

19. Life span of RBC?

*Answer: 120 Days*

20. Total count is measured by an instrument known as?

*Answer: Haemocytometer*

21. A decrease in RBC count is known as?

*Answer: Anemia*

22. An increase in RBC count is known as?

*Answer: Polycythemia*

23. A high concentration of bilirubin in the blood causes?

*Answer: Jaundice*

24. The disease resistant blood cell?

*Answer: WBC (leucocytes)*

25. Which WBC is known as soldiers of the body?

*Answer: Neutrophils*

26. Largest WBC?

*Answer: Monocyes*

27. Smallest WBC?

*Answer: Lymphocytes*

28. Antibodies producing WBC?

*Answer: Lymphocytes*

29. Life span of WBC?

*Answer: 10-15 days*

30. Blood cell performs an important role in blood clotting?

*Answer: Thrombocytes (Platelets)*

31. Vessels is called?

*Answer: Thrombus*

32. Anticoagulant present in Blood?

*Answer: Heparin*

33. A hereditary bleeding disease?

*Answer: Haemophilia*

34. Bleeder’s disease?

*Answer: Haemophilia*

35. Christmas disease?

*Answer: Haemophilia*

36. A type of Anemia with sickle shaped RBC?

*Answer: Sickle cell anemia*

37. Viscosity of Blood?

*Answer: 4.5 to 5.5*

38. Instrument used to measure haemoglobin?

*Answer: Haemoglobinometer*

39. Who demonstrated blood groups?

*Answer: Karl Landsteiner*

40. Who demonstrated Rh factor?

*Answer: Karl Landsteiner*

41. Blood group which is called Universal donor?

*Answer: O*

42. Blood group which is called Universal recipient?

*Answer: AB*

43. Blood group is most common among the Asians?

*Answer: B*

Most Important Information 

CBC: :complete blood count

CP: :complete picture of blood

CXR: : X-ray chest (PA view)

BT : : bleeding time

CT : : clotting time

LFT : liver function test

AST : :aspartate aminotransferase @(sgot)

ALT : :alanie aminotransferase@ (sgpt)

SGOT : : serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase

SGPT : : serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase

ALP : : alkaline phosphatase

ALT : alanine aminotransferase

GGT: :gamma glutamyl transpeptidase

GGT: : gamma glutamile transpeptidase

GTT: : glucose tolerance test

LDH: : lactae dehydrogenase

PT: : prothrombing time

INR: : international normalized ratio/rate

CCK: :cholecystokinin 

AF : : atrial fibrillation 

AIDS : acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 

AKA : alcoholic ketoacidosis 

ALL : acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 

AMI : acute myocardial infarction 

ARF : acute renal failure 

HTN : : high/ blood pressure,@hyper tension 

CABG: coronary artery bypass graft 

CAH: congenital adrenal hyperplasia 

CCF: congestive cardiac failure 

CF: cystic fibrosis

CHD: coronary heart disease 

CNS: central nervous system 

COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 

CPAP: continuous positive airways pressure 

CRF: chronic renal failure 

CSF: cerebrospinal fluid 

CT: computer mography 

CVA: cerebrovascular accident (stroke) 

CVD: cardiovascular disease 

DKA: diabetic ketoacidosis 

DU: duodenal ulcer 

DVT: deep vein thrombosis 

ECG: electrocardiography/ or cardiogram 

EEG: electroencephalogram 

ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate 

ESRD: end-stage renal disease 

FPG: fasting plasma glucose 

GIT: gastrointestinal tract 

GU: gastric ulcer 

GvHD: graft versus host disease 

HAV: hepatitis A virus 

HBV: hepatitis B virus 

Hcg: human chorionic gonadotrophin @ PT : :pregnancy test (by urine)

HAV : : hepatitis A virus

HBV @ HBs Ag hepatitise B antigen

HCV hepatitis: C virus 

HIV: human immunodeficiency virus 

HNA: heparin neutralising activity 

ICH: intracranial haemorrhage 

IDA: iron deficiency anaemia 

IDDM: insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus 

IFG: impaired fasting glucose 

IGT : impaired glucose tolerance 

IHD: ischaemic heart disease 

Ig: immunoglobulin 

IM: intramuscular 

INR: international normalized ratio 

ITU: intensive therapy unit 

IV: intravenous 

IVU: intravenous urogram 

K: : potassium 

KUB: kidney, ureter, bladder (x-ray)/ U-S

LBBB: left bundle branch block 

LCM: left costal margin 

LFTs: liver function tests 

LIF: left iliac fossa 

LUQ: left upper quadrant 

LVF: left ventricular failure 

LVH: left ventricular hypertrophy 

MC&S: microscopy, culture & sensitivity 

MCH: mean cell haemoglobin 

MI: myocardial infarction 

Min: minutes 

MPD: myeloproliferative disease 

MRI : magnetic resonance imaging 

MS : multiple sclerosis or mass spectroscopy 

Na: : sodium 

Ca : : calcium

NaCl: sodium chloride 

OA : osteo arthritis 

RA : : rheumatoid arthritis 

OCP: oral contraceptive pill 

PACWP; pulmonary artery capillary wedge pressure 

PAD: peripheral arterial disease 

PaO2: partial pressure of O2 in arterial blood 

PB: peripheral blood 

PBC : primary biliary cirrhosis 

PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention 

PCL: plasma cell leukaemia 

PE: pulmonary embolism 

PR: per rectum 

PV : : per vagina 

PV: plasma volume 

RAS: renal angiotensin system or renal artery stenosis

RBBB: right bundle branch block 

RBCs: red blood cells 

RCC: red blood cell count 

Rh: Rhesus (monkey)

RIF: right iliac fossa 

RUQ: right upper quadrant 

SC: subcutaneous 

SDH: subdural haemorrhage 

SOB: shortness of breath 

SM: smooth muscle 

SVC : superior vena cava 

SVCO: superior vena caval obstruction 

SXR: skull x-ray 

T°: temperature 

t1/2: half-life 

T4: thyroxine 

TA: temporal arteritis 

TB: tuberculosis 

TFT: thyroid function test 

TIAs: transient ischaemic attacks 

TPO: thyroid peroxidase 

TRAB: thyrotropin receptor antibodies 

TSH : thyroid-stimulating hormone 

TT: thrombin time 

u/U: units 

UC: ulcerative colitis 

U&E: urea and electrolytes 

UCE: : urea creatinine & electrolytes 

URTI: upper respiratory tract infection 

UTI: urinary tract infectio

USS: ultrasound scan 

VIII: C factor VIII clotting activity

*MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY*

Everybody should know the basic functioning of Human Body and its main parts in order to express and explain their ailment to the Doctor and at the same time one should be able to understand the diagnosis expressed by the Doctor in the medical terminology. For easy recognition of the Compounded Words used in the Medical Terminology for naming the disease, Suffixes are added to Prefixes.

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