Guda Vikara (Diseases of Rectum and Anal Canal)

Syllabus – subtopics

1. 1Surgical Anatomy and Physiology
2. 2Gudabhramsha (Prolapse of the rectum) - Etiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Complications and Management
3. 3Guda Vidradhi (Anorectal Abscesses) - Etiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Complications and Management
4. 4Bhagandara (Fistula-in-ano) - Etiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Complications and Management
5. 5Arsha - Nidana, Prakara, Samprapti, Lakshana and Chikitsa
6. 6Haemorrhoids - Etiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Complications and Management
7. 7Parikartika (Fissure-in-ano) - Etiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Complications and Management
8. 8Guda Arbuda (Benign and Malignant tumours of Rectum and Anal Canal) - Etiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Complications and Management
9. 9Shalyaja Nadi Vrana (Pilonidal Sinus), Guda Paka (Proctitis), Guda Kandu (Pruritis Ani) and Guda Abhighata (Injuries of Anorectal Region) –Clinical features and Management
10. 10Examination of a Nadivrana (Sinus) and Bhagandara (Fistula)
11. 11Examination of Anorectal Cases

Learning objectives

At the end of this topic the student should be able to… (NCISM Table 3)

• Explain the surgical anatomy of the anus and rectum, the physiology of defecation and continence, anatomical landmarks, and relationships relevant to anorectal surgery. Discuss common anorectal conditions (e.g., hemorrhoids, fistulas, fissures) and skills in examining and diagnosing anorectal conditions.
• Describe Aetiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical Features, Investigations, Diagnosis, Complications, and management of Prolapse of the rectum (Gudabramsha)
• Describe Aetiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical Features, Examinations, Investigations & Diagnosis, Complications and Management of Anorectal Abscesses (Guda Vidradhi) and Bhagandara (Fistula-in-ano).
• Describe Aetiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical Features, Investigations, Diagnosis, Complications, and management of Fistula in ano
• Describe Aetiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical Features, Investigations, Diagnosis, Complications, and Management of Haemorrhoids.
• Enumerate Nidan, Prakara, Samprapti, Laxana and Chikitsa of Arshas
• Describe Aetiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical Features, Examinations, Investigations & Diagnosis, Complications and Management of Fissure-in-Ano.
• Describe Etiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical Features, Investigations, Diagnosis, Complications and management of Carcinoma of Rectum And Anal canal
• Describe Aetiopathogenesis, Classification, Clinical Features, Examinations, Investigations & Diagnosis, Complications and
• Management of Pilonidal Sinus, Proctitis, Pruritis Ani & Injuries of Anorectal region UT,CB L,L_VC A,T-CS,VV- Viva
• Demonstrate the skills to identify, examine, diagnose, and manage sinus tracts and fistulas, and distinguish various types of sinuses, and fistulas.
• Demonstrate the skills to conduct a thorough examination, Diagnosis, and management of rectal cases and distinguish various types of Rectal Pathologies

MCQs on this topic

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Important questions

• LAQ Describe the Nidana, types and management of Arsha (haemorrhoids) including Kshara karma. (Practice)